# HDFS text/SequenceFile/RCFile/Avro · storage · 2016

Revision 1 (11 October 2026) · Modeled snapshot · through 8 October 2026.

All figures are research-informed estimates of analytical activity. Significant errors may remain; decimal places do not imply measurement precision.

4.6975% of the full storage layer.

[HDFS text/SequenceFile/RCFile/Avro](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/storage/hdfs-row.md): historical names and annual shares.

## Contributions by compute engine

Each figure is a share of the full storage layer.

| Engine | Share of full storage layer | Engine connections |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [Hadoop batch/Hive](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/hadoop.md) | 2.2% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/hadoop.md) |
| [Apache Spark (including Amazon EMR and Google Cloud Dataproc)](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/spark.md) | 1.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/spark.md) |
| [Presto](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/presto.md) | 0.6% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/presto.md) |
| [Apache Impala](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/impala.md) | 0.3% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/impala.md) |
| [SQL Server / Azure SQL DW](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/sqlserver.md) | 0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/sqlserver.md) |
| [Oracle](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/oracle.md) | 0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/oracle.md) |
| [Teradata](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/teradata.md) | <0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/teradata.md) |
| [IBM relational (SQL/DS/Db2 lineage)](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/ibm.md) | <0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/ibm.md) |
| [Databricks](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/databricks.md) | <0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/databricks.md) |
| [Vertica](https://history.columnar.tech/technologies/compute/vertica.md) | <0.1% | [Inspect engine](https://history.columnar.tech/connections/2016/compute/vertica.md) |

[All percentages for 2016](https://history.columnar.tech/years/2016.md)

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[Markdown overview](https://history.columnar.tech/index.md) · [Interactive visualization](https://history.columnar.tech/?2016) · [Methodology](https://history.columnar.tech/methodology.md) · [Terms of use](https://history.columnar.tech/terms.md)

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